Becoming A New Parent Can Be One Of The Hardest Yet Rewarding

Becoming a new parent can be one of the hardest yet rewarding responsibilities that can ever happen to you. For new parents, your children are the most important responsibility that you have. Quickly will you realize that there are endless factors that can affect the psychological development of your children especially at the significant stage of mental human growth and development known as adolescence. Having so many forms of communication, the most popular of these are social media and texting. Now, as humans, if we do too much of anything, it obviously cannot be healthy for us; However, the situation is even more dire because this is such a small segment of human growth and development for children. Again, I address all new parents†¦show more content†¦Too much social media and texting can be detrimental to the early developmental stages of psychological adolescence in children. Because teens are so impressionable at the first two stages of adolescence, using social med ia can put adolescences into risk categories such as â€Å"peer-to-peer; inappropriate content† said by the organization of pediatric publications. There is so much inappropriate content online that it can scar the psychological process of adolescence in its developmental stages. Also during the early stages of adolescence, children have just acquired minimal skills to make a limited number of rational judgements; Therefore, that exposure to some of the inappropriate content online would perturb this process. Because of this emotional imbalance, Children experience emotional maturity differently than others; Actually, the emotional development of the brain during adolescence is manipulated and centered around these judgments. Furthermore, due to â€Å"lack of understanding of online privacy issues and outside influences of third party advertising groups† (http://pediatrics.aappublications.org) children in early adolescences are prone to being cyberbullied and harassed online. If children in early stages of adolescence do not have much experience about online predators then clearly they will be susceptible to harassment and online bullying which can have unspeakableShow MoreRelatedThe Human Development of a Six Year Old Essay1059 Words   |  5 PagesThe Human Development of a Six Year Old Megan Baur is a 6-year-old Caucasian female who currently attends the first grade at a private school, Rolland Park School for girls. She lives with her birth parents and her 4-year-old brother, Kyle, in a suburban house on the outskirts of Baltimore City. Her father is a successful chiropractor and her mother works part time as a dental hygienist. 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Xenophon and Aristophanes Free Essays

In Greek society women had little control over their lives. A husband wanted to be able to control his wife so she would run his household as he saw fit, so she did not damage his reputation, and so he knew the paternity of his children. A husband wanted the girl to be closely controlled by her father before she married for the same reasons. We will write a custom essay sample on Xenophon and Aristophanes or any similar topic only for you Order Now Aristophanes’ comedies and Xenophon’s Oeconomicus contain very different depictions of a Greek citizen woman’s life before she is married and during the time shortly after she is married. Both the comedies and Oeconomicus examine how girls were educated, how closely guarded they were in their father’s household, and their willingness to deceive their husbands. In Oeconomicus, Xenophon wrote about the ideal girl, but she was exaggerated in the direction of perfection. In the comedies, however, some the female characters were almost the exact opposite of the girl in Oeconomicus. Even though ideas about how girls were raised and how they behaved after they were married are very different in Oeconomicus and in Aristophanes’ comedies, both sets of ideas get at a husband’s desire for his wife to have been closely controlled by her father, and then by him. Aristophanes and Xenophon illustrate this desire by presenting the ideal characteristics of a wife and the characteristics men fear. They also use exaggeration to make the distinction between the good wife and the undesirable wife even clearer. Because husbands wanted their wives to be controlled first by their fathers, and then by them, women spent their entire lives under the control of men. There was also a large difference between how closely guarded by her father Ischomachos’s wife was, compared to the girls in the comedies. Girls were not only guarded to keep them from learning too much, but they were also guarded to keep them away from men so they would not have sex with or be raped by them. Because if a girl was, and after marriage her husband found out, he would be unsure of the paternity of his children. Ischomachos’s wife â€Å"had previously lived under diligent supervision in order that she might see and hear as little as possible† (Oeconomicus, VII, 5). She obviously did not leave her house much if her family was making an attempt to have her see and hear as little as possible. Because she was supervised that closely, even if she did leave her house she wouldn’t have had a chance to get into trouble because there would be someone with her or watching her. In Women at the Thesmophoria, the Kinsman portrayed a female character who was obviously not guarded closely, â€Å"I had a boyfriend, who’d deflowered me when I was only seven† (Women at the Thesmophoria, 503). If a man was able to get to the Kinsman’s character when she was only seven she was not being watch closely. Calling the person who deflowered her, her boyfriend, implies that this was not a single instance of negligence on part of her guardian; it implies that she was not being watched closely enough to prevent her boyfriend from continuing to see her. Ischomachos’s wife reflects the ideal for Greek husbands. Because her father so closely controlled her, she would not have had an opportunity to do anything that would call the paternity of her future husband’s children into question. The Kinsman’s character is a depiction of a girl that shows men’s fears about how their wives might have been raised. She is completely out of the control of her father, so when she marries, her husband will have no idea if she is all ready pregnant. It is likely that how closely or loosely these characters were guarded is an exaggeration. Although Ischomachos’s wife probably was guarded as closely as possible, her incredible ignorance implies that she was guarded more closely then was achievable. The Kinsman’s character is probably also an exaggeration. Although there probably were some girls who were deflowered when they were very young, it seems unlikely that she would have had a boyfriend at the age of seven. The exaggeration only makes the ideal of a father’s control more clear. In Ischomachos’s wife’s extreme case there is almost no chance that she was pregnant with another man’s child when she married, but in the case of the Kinsman it would be surprising if she was not all ready pregnant. In order for a husband to be able to control his wife easily and so he would be able to teach her how he wanted her to run his household, girls were supposed to be kept as ignorant as possible before marriage. Ischomachos’s wife is an example of this ideal. He says that † [she] had previously lived under diligent supervision in order that she might see and hear as little as possible and ask the fewest questions as possible† (Oeconomicus, VII, 5). In Lysistrata an opposite view of the education of girls is presented. A chorus of women spoke about their experience in several different religious ceremonies and festivals. They use what they learned in the festivals to justify giving the polis advice. We want to start by offering the polis some good advice and rightly, for she raised me in splendid luxury. As soon as I turned seven I was an Arrephoros; then a Grinder; when I was then I shed my saffron robe for the Foundress at the Brauronia. And once, when I was a beautiful girl, I carried the Basket wearing a necklace of dried figs† (Lysistrata, 669). Because they use their experience in religious ceremonies as a qualification, they believe they have learned from these experiences. The contrast between Oeconomicus and Lysistrata is striking in that Ischomachos’s wife was kept home and an attempt was made to teach her as little as possible, while the girls in the chorus left home for extended periods of time and apparently learned from their experiences. The experience of both Ischomachos’s wife and the chorus girls is an exaggeration of what is possible in reality. Ischomachos seemed to think his wife did not know anything he did not teach her. When she made a mistake, such as when she cannot find something that Ischomachos asks for, he took full responsibility for it because if he had not taught it to her she could not be expected to know it. â€Å"But you are not at fault in this, rather I am, since I handed over these things to you without giving orders as to where each kind of thing should be put so that you would know where to put them and where to find them again† (Oeconomicus, VIII, 2). The list of religious festivals given by the chorus as evidence of their education contains service in five separate religious rites. This list of religious service is â€Å"the most prestigious any Athenian woman could boast† (Lysistrata 669, note 138). Some of the rites were only open to girls from the â€Å"noblest Athenian families† (Lysistrata 670, note 139). It seems unlikely that many girls, if any, would have had the experience that the girls in the chorus listed. So the experiences of girls in Lysistrata are exaggerated to make the girls appear more knowledgeable than they probably would be, and in Oeconomicus the girl is more ignorant than seems possible. The exaggeration illustrates why men wanted ignorant girls. Ischomachos’s wife is incredibly ignorant and is very easy to control. She does exactly what her husband tells her to do, once instructed. This contrasts with the women in Lysistrata who have an unusual amount of experience outside of their homes. The women’s experience, in part, contributed to their attempt to take over the polis. A wife who attempted to deceive her husband was very frightening for Greek men because men spent a great deal of their time away from home. When a husband was gone, his wife would have the opportunity to do things that would damage his reputation and call the paternity of his children into question. A husband could not really control his wife, if he could not trust that she was doing exactly what she said she was doing. In the Oeconomicus there is an example of a wife deceiving her husband that seems very benign. All Ischomachos’s wife did was put on makeup, but when he sees her with a painted face, he tells her that she should not wear makeup because it is a form of deception. Such deceits may in some way deceive outsiders and go undetected, but when those who are always together try to deceive one another they are necessarily found out† (Oeconomicus X, 8). It seems like he is not just lecturing her about putting on makeup, but also about other kinds of deception. Of course after Ischomachos’s lecture, â€Å"she never did anything of that sort again† (Oeconomicus X, 9). The Kinsman’s ch aracter not only lied to her husband only three days after they were married, but she lied so she could leave the house to have sex with her boyfriend (Women at the Thesmophoria, 504). Her actions could damage her husband’s reputation, and would call the paternity of his children into question. Her actions seem to be as bad as possible from the husband’s perspective. These actions are a demonstration of men’s fears about what their wives might do if they were willing and able to deceive their husbands. The Kinsmans’ actions are a stark contrast with Ischomachos’s wife, who after being corrected, never again deceived her husband. Because she was unwilling to deceive her husband, and therefore easy to control, she was an example of the perfect wife. Although Xenophon and Aristophanes were a part of the same society and wrote about Greek men’s desire for their wives to be closely controlled before and after marriage, they explored this desire in very different ways. Xenophon used it to write a text that gave men advice about what to look for in a perfect wife, and how to treat her after they were married. However, Aristophanes was writing comedies so he exaggerated undesired characteristics to create the worst possible wives for comic effect. When both Aristophanes and Xenophon’s works are examined to see how a father’s control over his daughter and the characteristics that make it easier for a husband to control his wife are portrayed, it becomes apparent that Aristophanes and Xenophon were writing about the same desire Greek men had for their wives to be controlled – first by their fathers and then by their husbands. This control was meant to ensure a properly run household, an intact reputation, and undisputed paternity. Because of this desire for control, when Greek women came of age, they passed from the control of their fathers to their husbands. How to cite Xenophon and Aristophanes, Papers

Business Economics Interest Rates and Coupon

Question: Critical analysis is an important test of the students ability to evaluate business economics concepts. Introductions and conclusions should briefly address the issues to be discussed and discussed respectively. Answer: Introduction: The main theme of the article features the effects and the reasons for lower interest rate in the economy of Britain over the last seven years. There are difficulties and challenges faced in the financial market, as the low interest rate is constant in the bygone years (Baaquie 2012). Some central banks are concerned about pumping more funds in the economy through the program to lower the rate of interest and escape from the adverse effect. Interest rates are expressed for a single period or different periods. When the rates are low, the economy is seen to boost in the short run. Apart from the low interest rate effects, the policies for the betterment are also considered. Impact of lower interest rate in UK: Interest rate is the percentage of the principle that is paid to the lender by the borrower with a definite time. The policies related to the interest rate are governed by the Central bank of the country. The following are the effects noticed in the economy of UK due to lower interest rates. Due to lower rate of interest, the incentive to save reduces. The means there is lower amount of investment. This will lead to consumers to spend more money than keep it in the bank, which would earn lower yields (Blanchard and Johnson 2013). There are cheap costs of borrowing and it encourages the firms and the consumers to take the loans to finance big investments (Hubbard, O'Brien and Sharma 2012). A fall in the rate of interest reduces the payments and the cost of mortgage. Thus, the consumers will have more disposable income to enjoy (Hubbard and O'Brien 2012). When there is lower interest rate, there are more people available to buy the assets. The customers will be motivated to spend more when there is rise in wealth and prices of houses (Cuny, 2012). When there is fall in the rate of interest, the country get lesser attractive than the other country. This will not motivate the people to invest in the economy. With lower demand there is fall in the exchange rate. The Use of the Aggregate Demand and Aggregate Supply Model for Macroeconomic Interpretation: The model of AD and AS has been used to discuss the macroeconomic interpretation. With the fall in the rate of interest, there would be rise in the AD. AD is the sum of consumption, investment, export and imports (Mankiw 2012). There is an inverse relation of investment to the rate of interest. Thus, when there is a fall in the rate of interest there is a rise in the level of investments. This would help in increasing the consumption of the individuals. Thus, there is a rise in the Aggregate demand in the economy. The diagram below shows the effect of the lower interest rate on the AD and AS curves. There is rise in total demand, which causes a shift in the AD curve from AD to AD2. The price level falls from P1 to P2. Thus, it can be said that the real GDP of the economy rises and ultimately the rate of inflation increases (Mankiw 2012). Figure 1: (Source: McTaggart, Findlay and Parkin 2012) When looking into the economy of Britain that faces a low rate of interest over the seven years is could be seen that the low interest rate induces inflation index Several factors are affected by the lower interest rate in the economy. The factors are as follows: There is a boost to the short run macroeconomic parameters. As per the economists, the abrupt boost helps in gaining within that time but the boost is reduced by the rise in the rate of inflation (McTaggart, Findlay and Parkin, 2012). There are more money spent by the people for the consumption of the goods while delay is done by the lenders for the consumption of the newer products There is a choice for the lender to invest money on goods People are seen to prefer more of other forms of money rather than liquid form As per the economic state in the country, the interest rate is seen to fluctuate. The following diagram shows the trends in the inflation rate due to the presence of lower interest rate in the year 2009 that was actually because of the high economic growth and also due to the presence of other factors involved (McTaggart, Findlay and Parkin 2012). Figure 2 (Source: Walters 2012) Figure 3 (Source: Walters 2012) Expectation from the Central Bank of the country: There are some points that are seen regarding the policies of the central bank and lower interest rate in UK. The points are as follows: When there is cut in the base rate by the Central bank, this is not supposed to be passes on to the consumers (Perloff 2012). For example in the year 2008-2009, there was shortage of liquidity in the banks wanting for more deposits. Thus, the interest rate cut of 0.5 percentages were not able to affect the banks to reduce the rate of interest and this has hardly influenced the consumers. The fall in the interest rate should lead to higher levels of economic growth. There is however, probability of some factors, which led to depression in the economy. One such reason was the global financial crisis. Though there was lower interest rate level, the banks were not agreeing on providing of loans. An example of this was during the global recession of 2008 when there was lowering of mortgage availability. This will prevent the people to get lower rate of interest from the banks (Walters 2012). Due to the presence of lower rate of interest, people are unwilling to borrow. When there is cut in the rate of interest, people are seen to be confident enough to spend more. The reports of 2008 confirm there is high savings ratio during the time of recession. During the time of deflation, the people are seen save due to high interest levels. There is different impact of lower interest rate on the different groups and societies: The borrowers and the homemakers are benefited from the lower interest rates as they have opportunity to spend more The savers are affected due to the lower interest rates. An example for this is the group of retired people. When there are too many savers present in the economy then the lowering of the interest rate will reduce the overall income in the economy. In case for economy of Britain, the fall in the interest rate would have a huge impact as there would be high proportion of whom rather than buying is seen to rent. The current account balance concept also needs to be considered. The concepts are as follows: When there is lower rate of interest rate, the consumers are able to spend more. The proportions of the imports are seen to rise. This would lead to fall in the current account balance. The lower level of interest rate is also a cause of depreciation in the rate of exchange, which make the exports quite competitive. When there is relative elastic demand, a lowering of the rate of interest would lead to improvement in the current account. This would lead to no effect on the current account balance. The Model Of Loanable Funds Market Interpreted Through Macroeconomic Perspective: The microeconomic perspective of the lower interest rate is discussed in this section. The change in the rate of interest is considered as the microeconomic demand and supply concepts where the price of the good can be referred to as the interest rate. This is explained through the firms behavior. The market of loanable funds is considered where the demanders are the borrowers and lenders are the suppliers of the funds. The behavior of the firm depends on the net value that is dependent on the interest rate. When there is lower interest rate, the firms are willing to take more amount of capital. This means there is more demand for the loanable funds. If there is higher interest rate, the capital demanded is also less. The demand for funding falls as there is high interest rates. There is a downward sloping curve for demand for loanable funds (Zopounidis, Pardalos and Baourakis 2012). This implies there is an inverse relationship of interest rate and capital. Lenders are the fund supp liers the future availability of the funds is decided by them the decision is complicated for the firm. It is generally seen that the higher interest rate the loanable funds are attractive. Figure 4 (Source: Zopounidis, Pardalos and Baourakis 2012) The changes in the demand for capital and loanable funds have been discussed. The effect of the changes in the interest rate is shown. When new technology is adopted then interest rate rises from by the amount r (McTaggart, Findlay and Parkin 2012). Conclusion: This article is on the lower interest rate in the economy of Britain over the seven years. The rate of interest is the one that is paid by the borrowers to use the money that is taken from the lenders. The literal meaning is that it is a percentage of the principal that the borrower pays number of period. The consumer preferences changes over the lifetime so the decision of the consumers are confusing. The consumers are seen to hold lesser money when interest rate falls. Savings is also seen to fall for completing the need of the present. The central bank needs to increase the rate of interest in terms of macroeconomic parameters. The studies have shown that the lower interest rate increases inflation and GDP of the economy. References: Baaquie, B. (2010).Interest rates and coupon bonds in quantum finance. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. Blanchard, O. and Johnson, D. (2013).Macroeconomics. Boston (Mass.): Pearson. Cuny, P. (2011).Secrets of the Kingdom Economy. Shippensburg: Destiny Image, Inc. Hubbard, R. and O'Brien, A. (2012).Microeconomics. Harlow: Pearson Education. Hubbard, R., O'Brien, A. and Sharma, A. (2012).Macroeconomics. Harlow: Pearson. Mankiw, N. (2012).Macroeconomics. New York: Worth. Mankiw, N. (2012).Principles of microeconomics. Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. McTaggart, D., Findlay, C. and Parkin, M. (2012).Macroeconomics. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson. McTaggart, D., Findlay, C. and Parkin, M. (2012).Microeconomics. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: Pearson. Perloff, J. (2012).Microeconomics. Boston: Pearson Addison Wesley. Walters, A. (1998).UK interest rate policy. [Lancaster]: [University of Lancaster]. Zopounidis, C., Pardalos, P. and Baourakis, G. (2001).Fuzzy sets in management, economics, and marketing. River Edge, N.J.: World Scientific.